- 最新情報:
- 2020年8月 7日
- 国名:
- イラン
- 対象者:
- アルサラーン・ホドカム（男性）
- 期限:
- 2020年9月28日
- 配信日:
- 2020年8月 7日
- UA No:
- 124/2020
イランの西アゼルバイジャン州に住むクルド人アルサラーン・ホドカムさん(47才)が、いつ死刑を執行されるかわからない状況に置かれている。拷問で強要された自白でスパイに仕立て上げられ、私選弁護人を認められないまま、30分ばかりの審理で死刑を宣告された。スパイ罪での死刑適用も国際法に反し、不当だ。
ホドカムさんは、イラン革命防衛隊の下級士官だった2018年4月、クルド人反体制武装グループのイラン・クルディスタン民主党(KDPI)のスパイ活動をしたとして逮捕された。インスタグラムでやりとりしていた親族の一人がKDPIのメンバーだというだけでのスパイ容疑だったという。ホドカムさんは、スパイ容疑を一貫して否認した。
その後、拘置施設の独房に入れられ、36日間、取調官らから激しい拷問を受けた。殴る蹴るの暴行やむち打ちを受け、何度も意識を失ったし、無理な姿勢で手錠をかけられ身動きができなかったため、失禁し尿にまみれた。睡眠を奪われることもあった。この間、家族や私選弁護人との面会を認められなかった。こうした中で、ホドカムさんは、スパイだという自白を強いられた。
逮捕から3カ月後の7月には、法廷に立たされ、裁判所指名の弁護人からは何の弁護も受けられないまま、30分の審理は終わり、死刑判決を言い渡された。上告したが、最高裁でも死刑判決が支持された。10月には、司法審査を求めたが、却下された。
今年に入り、私選弁護人が恩赦を申請するために裁判記録を見ようとすると、検察当局から、「本人が以前、刑務所内から申請した恩赦は棄却されているため、やっても無駄だ」と告げられた。
ホドカムさんの家族も、ホドカムさんの死刑の取り消しに奔走した。最高指導者や司法長官、複数の議員ら、力添えを受けられそうな要人に懸命に働きかけたが、いずれも「治安上の問題であるため、どうしようもない」とつれなかった。
根拠のない容疑での逮捕、拷問による自白、私選弁護人の排除、死刑判決ありきの裁判、再審手続きの否定など、ホドカムさんをめぐる司法当局と裁判所の対応は、不正まみれだ。
さらに、死刑をスパイ行為に適用することは、故殺など「最も重大な犯罪」に対する適用に制限している国際法違反だ。
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英語で当局への以下の要請事項を盛り込んだ要請文を郵便でできるだけ早く送ってください。
- 当局は一旦、ホドカムさんの死刑判決を取り消し、拷問で強要された自白を証拠から排除した上で、公正な裁判を行う。
- ホドカムさんに私選弁護人との面会を認め、拷問を受けたという申し立てに公正な調査を実施し、拷問に関わった当局者の責任を明らかにする。
要請文
Head of Judiciary Ebrahim Raisi
c/o Permanent Mission of Iran to the UN
Chemin du Petit-Saconnex 28, 1209 Geneva, Switzerland
Dear Mr Raisi,
Arsalan Khodkam, 47, from Iran’s Kurdish minority, is at risk of execution in Urumieh prison in West Azerbaijan province. He was sentenced to death on 14 July 2018 for “spying” for the Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran (KDPI), an armed Kurdish opposition group, while working as a low-ranking officer for the Revolutionary Guards. He consistently denied the charge and said that the authorities accused him of espionage after they learnt that he was in communication, via Instagram, with one of his wife’s relatives, who was a member of the KDPI. He was sentenced to death less than three months after his arrest in a grossly unfair trial that lasted 30 minutes and relied on “confessions”, which he said were made under torture and other ill-treatment. He has never been allowed access to a lawyer of his own choosing. In February 2020, his lawyer attempted to access his court documents and prepare a clemency application. The prosecution authorities told the lawyer that he could not represent Arsalan Khodkam and a clemency application previously submitted from inside prison had been rejected. In May 2020, his relatives were warned that his execution may be carried out at any moment.
Following his arrest on 23 April 2018, Arsalan Khodkam was transferred to a Revolutionary Guards detention facility in Almahdi military barracks in Urumieh where he was held in solitary confinement for 36 days, without access to his family and a lawyer. He said that during this period, the interrogators repeatedly tortured him to “confess”. The alleged torture included repeated episodes of flogging, punching and kicking, including on his back where he had a surgical implant. As a result, he fainted multiple times. The interrogators also allegedly handcuffed him in a painful manner for prolonged periods, and while doing so, they denied him access to toilet facilities, which forced him to either urinate on himself or hold his urine leading to bladder and kidney pain. He also said that he was deprived of sleep.
Arsalan Khodkam was convicted of “enmity against God” (moharebeh) through “espionage” by Branch 1 of the Military Court in West Azerbaijan. He met his court appointed lawyer for the first time at his trial and said that the lawyer did not present any defence in court. Branch 32 of the Supreme Court dismissed his appeal summarily, without addressing the unlawful use of torture-tainted “confessions” as evidence. A subsequent request for judicial review was rejected on 3 October 2018. He has never been provided with a copy of the written verdicts issued against him. The use of the death penalty for “espionage” violates international law, which restricts its use to “most serious crimes” involving intentional killings.
I urge you to quash Arsalan Khodkam’s conviction and death sentence and grant him a fair retrial, without recourse to the death penalty and excluding “confessions” obtained under torture and other ill-treatment. I urge you to ensure his access to a lawyer of his own choosing and order an independent and impartial investigation into his allegations of torture and other ill-treatment and bring those responsible to justice.
Yours sincerely,
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